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前言

        本来是想用xawtv来测试摄像头，结果不是很喜欢，然后，就想找一个喜欢的，然后就变成摄像头软件汇总了。

一 在ubuntu虚拟机中查看

拢共分三步

1.先 ls /dev/video*

ls /dev/video*

2. 插入外置摄像头

3.再 ls /dev/video*

多出来的那个videoXXX设备就是摄像头了。

        我使用的是一个外置的USB摄像头，将USB摄像头连接到虚拟机后，使用dmesg命令，会看到usb摄像头被加载过程的信息。

[92462.307190] usb 3-2: new high-speed USB device number 5 using xhci_hcd[92462.726303] usb 3-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1e45, idProduct=3035[92462.726306] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2[92462.726356] usb 3-2: Product: USB Camera[92462.726357] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Generic[92462.726358] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: 0001[92462.857710] media: Linux media interface: v0.10[92462.994536] Linux video capture interface: v2.00[92463.096302] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio[92463.177813] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device USB Camera (1e45:3035)[92463.185183] input: USB Camera: USB Camera as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/input/input6[92463.185506] usbcore: registered new interface driver uvcvideo[92463.185507] USB Video Class driver (1.1.1)[92469.683588] usb 3-2: USB disconnect, device number 5[92470.406837] usb 3-2: new high-speed USB device number 6 using xhci_hcd[92470.810353] usb 3-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1e45, idProduct=3035[92470.810356] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2[92470.810357] usb 3-2: Product: USB Camera[92470.810358] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Generic[92470.810359] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: 0001[92470.823773] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device USB Camera (1e45:3035)[92470.833211] input: USB Camera: USB Camera as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/input/input7[92478.499868] usb 3-2: USB disconnect, device number 6[92479.215252] usb 3-2: new high-speed USB device number 7 using xhci_hcd[92479.614817] usb 3-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1e45, idProduct=3035[92479.614819] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2[92479.614820] usb 3-2: Product: USB Camera[92479.614821] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Generic[92479.614821] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: 0001[92479.623908] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device USB Camera (1e45:3035)[92479.629663] input: USB Camera: USB Camera as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/input/input8[92483.057036] usb 3-2: USB disconnect, device number 7[92483.770509] usb 3-2: new high-speed USB device number 8 using xhci_hcd[92484.172011] usb 3-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1e45, idProduct=3035[92484.172013] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2[92484.172015] usb 3-2: Product: USB Camera[92484.172016] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Generic[92484.172017] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: 0001[92484.181008] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device USB Camera (1e45:3035)[92484.189816] input: USB Camera: USB Camera as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/input/input9[92484.551272] usb 3-2: USB disconnect, device number 8[92485.262678] usb 3-2: new high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd[92485.660855] usb 3-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1e45, idProduct=3035[92485.660857] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2[92485.660858] usb 3-2: Product: USB Camera[92485.660859] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Generic[92485.660859] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: 0001[92485.670919] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device USB Camera (1e45:3035)[92485.678017] input: USB Camera: USB Camera as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/input/input10

查看设备名:

$ ls /dev/video* -ls0 crw-rw----+ 1 root video 81, 0 9月 16 11:55 /dev/video0

当前/dev目录中多出了一个video0设备，主设备号是81，次设备号是0

二 xawtv测试

 点击OK，邮件点击视频窗口，看到Options窗口。

(⊙o⊙)…好像我的需求中不需要窗口

看看帮助信息:

xawtv -h lkmao@ubuntu:~$ xawtv -hThis is xawtv-3.103, running on Linux/x86_64 (4.15.0-142-generic)usage: xawtv [ options ] [ station ]options:-h -help print this text-v -debug n debug level n, n = [0..2]-remote assume remote display-n -noconf don't read the config file-m -nomouse startup with mouse pointer disabled-f -fullscreen startup in fullscreen mode-(no)dga enable/disable DGA extension-(no)vm enable/disable VidMode extension-(no)randr enable/disable Xrandr extension-(no)xv enable/disable Xvideo extension altogether-(no)xv-video enable/disable Xvideo extension (for video only,i.e. XvPutVideo() calls)-(no)xv-image enable/disable Xvideo extension (for image scalingonly, i.e. XvPutImage() calls)-(no)gl enable/disable OpenGL-(no)alsa enable/disable alsa streaming. Default: enabled-(no)alsa-cap manually specify an alsa capture interface-(no)alsa-pb manually specify an alsa playback interface-alsa-latency manually specify an alsa latency in ms. Default: 30-b -bpp n color depth of the display is n (n=24,32)-o -outfile file filename base for snapshots-c -device file use <file> as video4linux device-D -driver name use <name> as video4linux driver-C -dspdev file use <file> as audio (oss) device-vbidev file use <file> as vbi device-joydev file use <file> as joystick device-shift x shift display by x bytes-fb let fb (not X) set up v4l device-parallel n use n compression threads-bufcount n use n video buffers-hwscan print a list of available devices.station:this is one of the stations listed in $HOME/.xawtvCheck the manual page for a more detailed description.--Gerd Knorr <kraxel@bytesex.org>lkmao@ubuntu:~$

使用xawtv扫描系统中的视频设备

xawtv -hwscan lkmao@ubuntu:~$ xawtv -hwscanThis is xawtv-3.103, running on Linux/x86_64 (4.15.0-142-generic)looking for available devicesXlib: extension "XVideo" missing on display "localhost:10.0"./dev/video0: OK [ -device /dev/video0 ]type : libv4lname : USB Camera: USB Cameraflags: capturelkmao@ubuntu:~$

三cheese软件

cheese正常的翻译是干酪、乳酪、芝士，拍照的时候翻译成茄子或者七喜。这个好像默认是安装的。没有安装的话，也很简单。

sudo apt-get install cheese cheese

看一下帮助信息:

lkmao@ubuntu:~$ cheese -h用法：cheese [选项...]帮助选项：-h, --help 显示帮助选项--help-all 显示全部帮助选项--help-gapplication 显示 GApplication 选项--help-gtk 显示 GTK+ 选项应用程序选项：-w, --wide 以宽屏模式启动-d, --device=设备 用作摄像头的设备-v, --version 输出版本信息并退出-f, --fullscreen 以全屏模式启动--display=显示 要使用的 X 显示lkmao@ubuntu:~$

看一下就好了，再换一个

四 camorama测试

这个没用过，得先安装

sudo apt install camorama

这个东西好像支持FTP远程访问

        下面的尝试不一定成功啊，试一下，将摄像头连接到另一个虚拟机中，取名虚拟机2号，小名虚2。并保证该虚拟机安装了ftp服务器。(⊙o⊙)…，没安装。那就安装吧，过程在本文下面。

在虚1中运行camorama，然后配置FTP，这个时候虚1中已经没有摄像头了，因为连接到虚2上了，打开会报错，如下所示，所以要看看帮助信息

 先在虚1中连接笔记本电脑的摄像头。保证camorama能打开

配置如下所示:

 点击take picture,报错。

 不知道怎么弄了，暂时先换一个软件。 

ubuntu中使用guvcview

sudo apt install guvcview

直接运行guvcview即可 

mplayer

sudo apt install mencoder sudo apt install mplayer

运行

$ mplayer mplayer: error while loading shared libraries: libfaad.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory$

这个没安装成功

$ sudo apt install mencoderReading package lists... DoneBuilding dependency tree... DoneReading state information... DoneYou might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.The following packages have unmet dependencies:mencoder : Depends: libfaad2 (>= 2.7) but it is not going to be installedmplayer : Depends: libfaad2 (>= 2.7) but it is not going to be installedE: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).$

五 在ubuntu中测试luvcview

安装依赖包

sudo apt-get install debhelpersudo apt-get install libsdl1.2-devsudo apt-get install libv4l-devsudo apt-get install pkg-config

下载的0.2.6版本的源码，make会报错，将其中的会报错文件中的

#include <linux/videodev.h>

替换成#include <linux/videodev2.h>

只需要修改三个文件就行了，编译好的源码，在我的下载资源中有。地址：

https://download.csdn.net/download/yueni_zhao/86544123?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

编译完毕后生成luvcview可执行文件

./luvcview

如果找不到摄像头会出书如下内容:

$ ./luvcview luvcview 0.2.6SDL information:Video driver: x11A window manager is availableDevice information:Device path: /dev/video0ERROR opening V4L interface: No such file or directory

如果有摄像头，输出如下内容:

$ ./luvcview luvcview 0.2.6SDL information:Video driver: x11A window manager is availableDevice information:Device path: /dev/video0Stream settings:Frame format: MJPGFrame size: 640x480Frame rate: 30 fps

 在虚拟机中安装FTP服务器

打开 Ubuntu 的终端窗口，然后执行如下命令来安装 FTP 服务： sudo apt-get install vsftpd lkmao@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install vsftpd[sudo] password for lkmao: E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)E: Unable to acquire the dpkg frontend lock (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend), is another process using it?lkmao@ubuntu:~$

安装器被锁住了，这都是自动更新的锅。将自动更新设置为never。然后重启

重启后，开始安装，等待软件安装完成，完成以后使用 VI 命令打开/etc/vsftpd.conf，命令如下：

sudo vi /etc/vsftpd.conf

打开 vsftpd.conf 文件以后找到如下两行：

local_enable=YESwrite_enable=YES 确保上面两行前面没有“#”，有的话就取消掉，完成以后如图 4.1.1 所示： 修改完 vsftpd.conf 以后保存退出，使用如下命令重启 FTP 服务： sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart

总结