关于AxisFault的说明[通俗易懂]

发布时间:2025-12-09 14:01:55 浏览次数:4

copy from :
http://tenn.iteye.com/blog/94324 一般说来,不可避免的Web Service的服务中也会出现异常,举个简单的例子,一个服务接受一个SOAP请求消息,获取有效负载后,进行一个数据库更新操作,而在更新操作过程中发生了SQLException,这个时候就需要告诉客户端(调用Web Service)出现异常了,Axis2将异常封装成为一个AxisFault进行抛出。任何类型的异常Axis2都会对其进行封装,而不管该异常是运行时异常,还是用户自定义异常。 下面是对AxisFault API的一点介绍:
public class AxisFault extends RemoteException
An exception which maps cleanly to a SOAP fault. This is a base class for exceptions which are mapped to faults. See Also: SOAP1.2 specification,
SOAP1.1 Faults SOAP faults contain 1.
A fault string 2.
A fault code 3. A fault actor 4. Fault details; an xml tree of fault specific elements (其中红色的部分为一个AxisFault构造时所必须的部分) As SOAP1.2 faults are a superset of SOAP1.1 faults, this type holds soap1.2 fault information. When a SOAP1.1 fault is created, spurious information can be discarded. Mapping
SOAP1.2 SOAP1.1
node faultactor
reason(0).text faultstring
faultcode.value faultcode
faultcode.subcode (discarded)
detail detail
role (discarded)
构造函数之一为:AxisFault
(org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFaultCodesoapFaultCode, org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFaultReasonsoapFaultReason, org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFaultNodesoapFaultNode, org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFaultRolesoapFaultRole, org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFaultDetailsoapFaultDetail) 由于SOAP 1.1的SOAPFault和SOAP 1.2的SOAPFault的结构不相同,从而导致了如果以1.2的方式构造的SOAPFault不能够被1.1版本的SOAPFault所理解,从而导致异常,异常的内容经常为如下消息:
org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPProcessingException: Expecting SOAP 1.1 implementation
of SOAP Fault Code. But received some other implementation
一般情况下,SOAPFault是通过SOAPFactory这个工厂类构造的,而SOAP11Factory和SOAP12Factory均继承SOAPFactory,从而对应与两个不同的SOAP协议版本。 可以将SOAP1.1的SOAPFault与SOAP1.2的SOAPFault进行转换,但是比较麻烦。 下面以一个实际的例子来说明有关SOAPFault的一些内容: 1. 建立工程TestFault,如下图所示目录结构: 其中类库使用的是从http://ws.apache.org/axis2下载的最新版本的axis2软件中的类库(笔者写这篇文章时的最新axis2版本为1.1.1)。下载后解压缩,将解压缩后的目录中的lib文件夹下所有的jar文件拷贝到${eclipse.home}/workspace/TestFault/src下,目录结构可能与此不同,只需要将这些jar文件加入到TestFault工程的构建路径中即可。 编写服务器端和客户端的类: FaultService.java package l.z.z; import javax.xml.namespace.QName; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMAbstractFactory; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMElement; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAP12Constants; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPBody; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPEnvelope; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFactory; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFault; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFaultCode; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFaultReason; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFaultText; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFaultValue; import org.apache.axis2.AxisFault; public class FaultService { public OMElement testFault(OMElement soap) throws AxisFault {
if (soap.getLocalName().equals(“Satan”)) {
throw getAxisFault(“Satan”); } throw getAxisFault(“God”); } public AxisFault getAxisFault(String message) {
SOAPFactory factory = OMAbstractFactory.getSOAP12Factory(); SOAPEnvelope envelope = factory.createSOAPEnvelope(); SOAPBody body = factory.createSOAPBody(envelope); SOAPFault soapFault = factory.createSOAPFault(body); SOAPFaultCode faultCode = factory.createSOAPFaultCode(soapFault); SOAPFaultReason faultReason = factory.createSOAPFaultReason(soapFault); SOAPFaultValue faultValue = factory.createSOAPFaultValue(faultCode); SOAPFaultText reasonText = factory.createSOAPFaultText(faultReason); QName value = new QName(SOAP12Constants.SOAP_ENVELOPE_NAMESPACE_URI, SOAP12Constants.SOAP_FAULT_VALUE_SENDER, SOAP12Constants.SOAP_DEFAULT_NAMESPACE_PREFIX); faultValue.setText(value); reasonText.setText(message); AxisFault axisFault = new AxisFault(soapFault.getCode(), soapFault .getReason(), null, null, null); return axisFault; } } TestFaultService.java package l.z.z.test; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import javax.xml.stream.FactoryConfigurationError; import javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory; import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException; import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMElement; import org.apache.axiom.om.impl.builder.StAXOMBuilder; import org.apache.axis2.AxisFault; import org.apache.axis2.addressing.EndpointReference; import org.apache.axis2.client.Options; import org.apache.axis2.client.ServiceClient; public class TestFaultService { private static EndpointReference targetEPR = new EndpointReference( “http://localhost/axis2/services/FaultService”); public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, FactoryConfigurationError, XMLStreamException {
OMElement requestSoapMessage = getSoapRequestMessage(“sample/Satan.xml”); Options options = new Options(); options.setAction(“urn:testFault”); options.setTo(targetEPR); ServiceClient sender = null; try {
sender = new ServiceClient(); sender.setOptions(options); sender.sendReceive(requestSoapMessage); } catch (AxisFault e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } } public static OMElement getSoapRequestMessage(String filePath) throws FileNotFoundException, XMLStreamException, FactoryConfigurationError {
XMLStreamReader reader = XMLInputFactory.newInstance() .createXMLStreamReader(new FileInputStream(filePath)); StAXOMBuilder builder = new StAXOMBuilder(reader); OMElement requestMessage = builder.getDocumentElement(); return requestMessage; } } 然后编写services.xml文件,内容如下: <
serviceGroup
>
<
service
name
=
“FaultService”
>
<
description
> This is the service for revoking certificate.
</
description
>
<
parameter
name
=
“ServiceClass”
locked
=
“false”
> l.z.z.FaultService
</
parameter
>
<
operation
name
=
“testFault”
>
<
messageReceiver
class
=
“org.apache.axis2.receivers.RawXMLINOutMessageReceiver”
/>
<
actionMapping
>
urn:testFault
</
actionMapping
>
</
operation
>
</
service
> </
serviceGroup
> 由于本文假设读者已经有axis2开发Web Service的基础,所以对于以上类及配置文件不做解释,敬请原谅。 打包成FaultService.aar文件,文件中包含内容如下: FaultService.aar —l —z —z —FaultService.class —META-INF —MANIFEST.MF —services.xml 将该aar包放置到${TOMCAT_HOME}\webapps\axis2\WEB-INF\services目录下。 启动Tomcat,进入
http://localhost:{port}/axis2 然后选择Services,察看服务是否部署成功,如果已经部署成功,进入下一步骤,否则,请重新检查以上各个步骤。成功后应该如下图所示: 2执行TestFaultService类,可以看到错误消息如下: (类代码参照上面列出的类) Transport error 500 . Error Message is <html><head><title>Apache Tomcat/5.5.17 – Error report</title><style><!–H1 {color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:22px;} H2 {color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:16px;} H3 {color:white;background-color:#525D76;font-size:14px;} BODY {color:black;background-color:white;} B {color:white;background-color:#525D76;} P {background:white;color:black;font-size:12px;}A {color : black;}A.name {color : black;}HR {color : #525D76;}–></style> </head><body><h1>HTTP Status 500 – </h1><HR size=”1″ noshade=”noshade”><p><b>type</b> Exception report</p><p><b>message</b> <u></u></p><p><b>description</b> <u>The server encountered an internal error () that prevented it from fulfilling this request.</u></p><p><b>exception</b>
<pre>org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPProcessingException: Expecting SOAP 1.1 implementation of SOAP Fault Code. But received some other implementation
org.apache.axiom.soap.impl.llom.soap11.SOAP11FaultImpl.setCode(SOAP11FaultImpl.java:81) org.apache.axis2.engine.AxisEngine.extractFaultInformationFromMessageContext(
AxisEngine.java:330
) org.apache.axis2.engine.AxisEngine.createFaultMessageContext(
AxisEngine.java:249
) org.apache.axis2.transport.http.AxisServlet.handleFault(
AxisServlet.java:317
) org.apache.axis2.transport.http.AxisServlet.doPost(
AxisServlet.java:277
) javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(
HttpServlet.java:709
) javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(
HttpServlet.java:802
) 其中红色的部分是问题的关键,该部分意思是说,客户端期望获得的是一个SOAP 1.1的SOAP Fault Code,但是,我们实际提供的却是一个1.2的实现,所以客户端处理不了,就抛出了异常,而实际出异常的地方那个是红色字体下面的蓝色字体:
SOAP11FaultImpl.setCode时,由于是一个SOAP1.2的SOAP Fault Code,所以不能够处理,只能跑出异常。 而通过使用SOAPMonitor观察到的传入SOAP请求消息是: 注意,Axis2自动的将传入的消息加上一层封装,在传输过程中(没有到达Web Service方法testFault之前)是以这个形式传输的,而Axis2使用的默认的SOAP版本是1.1,所以,不管在FaultService类中构造的AxisFault是SOAP11还是SOAP12,最后都会试图将其转换为SOAP11的格式,而一旦此时出现版本冲突,就会发生异常。 AxisFault还没有返回到客户端,就已经发生了异常(上图中SOAPResponse内容为空)。 解决办法一: 将SOAP12的Fault转换为SOAP11的Fault,这样可以传出SOAP11构造的SOAPFault,但是,名称却和SOAP12一致(比如服务器端异常并不是使用SOAP11的”Server”,而是SOAP12的”Receiver”)。这种办法虽然可以实行,但是一旦客户端是SOAP12怎么办,缺少共通性。 解决办法二: 在构造SOAPFault时进行判断,如果客户端使用的是SOAP12,则使用SOAP12Factory来构造,否则使用SOAP11来构造。 这时,就需要在客户端设置使用的SOAP版本,通过一下方法: Options
options =
new
Options
(); options.setSoapVersionURI(SOAP12Constants.SOAP_ENVELOPE_NAMESPACE_URI); 这样,就可以设置在传输过程中使用的SOAP封装是SOAP12版本。 这时,通过SOAPMonitor观察到的SOAP请求和响应的消息为: 只所以会有这样的不同是因为通过使用 options.setSoapVersionURI(SOAP12Constants.SOAP_ENVELOPE_NAMESPACE_URI); 设置了将被使用的SOAP的版本。 由于有些客户端可能使用的是不支持SOAP12版本的SOAP协议,所以,有时候需要将SOAP11进行到SOAP12的装换。
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